Its popularity is evident in writings about chess as morality by Pope Innocent III and Rabbi ben Ezra, both around 1200 AD.9 The second book printed in English, The Game and Playe of the Chesse (translated from the French), addressed chess as morality. By the Middle Ages, chess had gained admirers in Europe. Over the years, the rules of chess evolved. In the Soviet Union, the game was treated not as a bourgeois diversion but a form of proletariat culture. When the game spread to the Islamic world, which rejected gambling and gaming, chess was permitted because it was considered preparation for war. Given the passion of Napoleon for the game, such sublimation was not inevitably effective. For instance, some claim that chess originated in Uzbekistan or even in China.Ĭhess is considered a war game, or at least a game that models warfare or prepares soldiers, although some legendary origins (Myanmar or Sri Lanka) suggest in a more pacifist fashion that the game was developed to provide a less bloody equivalent to conflict. As with so many origin stories, one can find political motives. While claims of the true beginnings of chess are various and the origins are shrouded in mystery, consensus exists that the game as we recognize it began on the Indian subcontinent in approximately 700 AD, although Persia shaped the early game as well. That honor goes to an Egyptian board game dating back to 3500– 4000 BC. Chess is not the oldest game of humankind.
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